Examining the hierarchical model of leisure constraints among women in Tehran regarding sports participation

Sara Keshkar; Mohammad Ehsani; Hashem Koozechian; Hamid Ghasemi; Sardar Mohammadi

Sara Keshkar Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran
Mohammad Ehsani Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University. Tehran
Hashem Koozechian Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University. Tehran
Hamid Ghasemi Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Payame Noor University. Tehran
Sardar Mohammadi Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Kurdistan. Sanandaj

Keywords: leisure constraint model, sport participation constraints, sport activity, leisure

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to examine the constraints that prohibit Iranian women who live in Tehran to participate in sport activities during their leisure time. The three-dimensional leisure constraints based on the Jackson, Crawford and Godbey’s [1993] Leisure Constraints Model, was used as the theoretical frame work for the study. The sample consisted of 1200 women who lived in Tehran city. The instrument of this research was a questionnaire which was designed to measure three types of constraints to sport participation: [1] structural, [2] interpersonal and [3] intrapersonal. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was approved. The results suggested that the subjects were constrained most by structural factors and this result is very different from what the original model claimed about the intrapersonal factors as being at the first place in the hierarchical model.

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