How Blockchain Can Reshape the Supply Chain of Steel for an Industrial Complex

  • Ștefănică FRANGU “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, Romania
  • Ioan ȘUȘNEA “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, Romania
Keywords: steel, blockchain, supply chain, transparency

Abstract

Steel is an integral part of modern infrastructure and is present in buildings, vehicles, and machinery. Although ubiquitous, the process of converting raw materials into usable products is highly advanced and, in almost all instances, largely unseen. Blockchain can ensure secure, transparent ledgers are maintained throughout each step of the process, from mining and processing to production and export. This enables companies to verify the origin of the steel, the processes undertaken during its production, and its conformity to safety and environmental standards.
This article demonstrates how blockchain is transforming the steel sector by accelerating, simplifying, and making the tracking process more environmentally friendly. It presents the advantages and disadvantages of applying digital technology to traditionally analogue businesses, based on real-world cases and research.
Readers will learn how a conventional business, with a history spanning centuries, is beginning to capitalize on digital opportunities - whether in manufacturing, IT, or even in industrial processes - making it especially relevant to those passionate  about technology.

Creative Commons License

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

[1]. ***, https://libertysteelgroup.com/ro/companie/istorie/, accessed in 27.06.2025.
[2]. ***, https://libertysteelgroup.com/ro/produse/, accessed in 27.06.2025.
[3]. ***, https://www.romaniajournal.ro/business/liberty-galatisteel-part-of-the-new-railway-route-connecting-the-north-stationto-otopeni-airport/, accessed in 27.06.2025.
[4]. Imran Bashir, Mastering Blockchain, A technical reference guide to the inner workings of blockchain, from cryptography to DeFi and NFTs, Fourth Edition, p. 11-23, p. 221-241, 2023.
[5]. Muhammad Salman Asif, Harsimran Gill, Blockchain Technology and Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) – Improving Environmental and Energy Performance in Multiechelon Supply Chains, DOI: 1088/1755-1315/952/1/012006, 2022.
[6]. Yan Cao, Feng Jia, Gunasekaran Manogaran, Efficient Traceability Systems of Steel Products Using Blockchain-based Industrial Internet of Things, DOI: 10.1109/TII.2019.2942211, 2019.
[7]. Babu George, Blockchain in Global Trade: Insights from the TradeLens Experiment, DOI: 10.31235/osf.io/apsz9_v1, 2025.
[8]. ***, https://www.rhimagnesita.com/rhi-magnesita-and-gerdauleading-the-way-in-using-blockchain-in-the-steel-industry/, accessed in 04.07.2025.
[9]. ***, https://www.tatasteel.com/newsroom/pressreleases/india/2021/tata-steel-executes-the-inaugural-blockchainenabled-trade-between-india-and-bangladesh/, accessed in 04.07.2025.
[10]. ***, https://www.tatasteeluk.com/corporate/news/demonstrating-thepotential-of-blockchain, accessed in 04.07.2025.
[11]. ***, https://www.unlock-bc.com/80772/uae-universal-tubecarries-out-second-blockchain-trade-transaction/, accessed in 04.07.2025.
[12]. ***, https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/business/companies/20221201/posco-intl-introduces-blockchain-based-electronic-billsof-lading, accessed in 04.07.2025.
[13]. Osato Itohan Oriekhoe, et al., Blockchain in supply chain management: A review of efficiency, transparency, and innovation, DOI: 10.30574/ijsra.2024.11.1.0028, 2024.
[14]. Tomaž Kukman Sergej Gričar, Blockchain for Quality: Advancing Security, Efficiency, and Transparency in Financial Systems, DOI: 10.3390/fintech4010007, 2025.
[15]. Özgür Karaduman, Gülsena Gülhas, Blockchain-Enabled Supply Chain Management: A Review of Security, Traceability, and Data Integrity Amid the Evolving Systemic Demand, DOI: 10.3390/app15095168, 2025.
[16]. Aimin Yang, et al., Research on logistics supply chain of iron and steel enterprises based on block chain technology, DOI: 10.1016/j.future.2019.07.008, 2019.
[17]. ***, https://libertysteelgroup.com/ro/companie/viziune/, accessed in 16.07.2025.
Published
2025-09-15
How to Cite
1.
FRANGU Ștefănică, ȘUȘNEA I. How Blockchain Can Reshape the Supply Chain of Steel for an Industrial Complex. The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science [Internet]. 15Sep.2025 [cited 2Nov.2025];48(3):23-7. Available from: https://gup.ugal.ro/ugaljournals/index.php/mms/article/view/9310
Section
Articles