Analele Universității „Dunărea de Jos” din Galați. Fascicula XX, Sociologie / The Annals of ”Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle XX, Sociology

Inclusive Education in Bulgaria - Opportunities and Perspectives

Julia DONCHEVA — 2023-12-13

Achieving inclusion involves eliminating all forms of exclusion. Along with the more obvious forms of discrimination, exclusion also means all those cases of short-term or long-term pressure that create obstacles to full participation. They may be the result of problems in the relationships between children, between practitioners employed in different children's and educational institutions, between children and practitioners or within families; may be related to activities that are not of interest to children; or they may be rooted in the feeling that others in the daycare do not value you. Inclusion means removing all barriers to play, learning and participation for all children and students. Inclusion implies recognizing both the differences and the similarities between all children and youth. In this regard, the scientific publication analyzes the state and prospects of inclusive education in the Republic of Bulgaria, which is developing very dynamically, effectively and constructively.

Dynamiques sociale et culturelle dans les provinces roumaines au XIXe siècle

Ana Elena COSTANDACHE — 2023-12-13

Nineteenth-century Romanian culture was noted in particular for its successful experiments (for the most part) in imitating European cultures considered the standard of value. The taking of examples of good political orientation, exemplary conduct and modern writing had the role of forming the masses and shaping them according to the social canons of the time. The dynamic of openness to the foreign space, particularly the French one, appreciated as the cradle of civilization, marked the entry of Romanian society into a new stage, that of the spiritual option. Writers chose models of imitation in order to "escape" from the cultural "inertia" complex. As a result, we propose an analysis of the social and cultural dynamics manifested in the Romanian provinces of that time.

Online School and Changes in the Perception of the Role of the School after the Pandemic Context

Maria PESCARU — 2023-12-13

The Covid 19 pandemic has demonstrated the emergence of new factors that can bring imbalances in the educational system: the change in the educational-instructive and formative vision, equal opportunities regarding education, support from the community, and psychological support offered in educational institutions. An involvement of all factors contributing to education is necessary to benefit all children equally. The online school highlighted among the multitude of challenges and the one through which the teaching staff had to show ingenuity in generating solutions for unforeseen problems, online activities became spontaneous, differentiated, diversified, and combined with other types of activities. The present research wants to highlight the fact that, if a few years ago, humanity did not think about the importance of the existence of a computer or the importance of the existence of the Internet connection, following the pandemic, the technology that has already evolved has demonstrated the importance of its existence in any field, including in the field of education. The objectives of the sociological survey carried out through the questionnaire were: to identify the number of students without the opportunity to access online school during the pandemic; to highlight the reasons/causes why some students did not access the online school; to emphasize the dimensions that can contribute to the use of the online environment in educational institutions. The questionnaire was completed by 200 people, including 188 teachers, 2 school mediators, and 10 social workers.

The Necessity for Change in the Academic Education System

Nina MOCĂNAŞU — 2023-12-13

The success of adapting the teacher’s behavior to the course and communication with students doesn’t come from superficiality and training. Therefore, the movements of the teacher, his posture and gestures, the setting and orientation of the view, along with countless clues, some almost subtle are contributing greatly with the achievement of the communicative performance. Attractive, eloquent and inspired presentations, dynamic, consistent and constructive learning meetings are the fruit of experience and training, self-motivation and permanent self-evaluation. In this relationship the most important is the affective climate and the types of behaviors in the class. If this climate is loaded with positive elements the results of knowing the students, self-knowledge and professional affirmation and formation, motivation, will be very good. Focusing on the relationship aspects it’s raising the statut and the image of the teacher by accentuating formative valences of the educational process and didactic communication. Today, this scenario is focused on the continuous progress of the teacher and his preoccupation to train students in consistent, challenging and attractive conversational interactions in which the teacher accomplishes the role of resource and the student accomplishes the role of an explorer, partner, builder of his own progress. The relationship between student and teacher depends also of the teacher’s capacity to motivate students to acquire their ideas, convictions and values of taught courses. Certain is that the dialogue which both educational actors is exerting one upon the other depends of the quality and the depth of that relationship built between then the relationship influenced by verbal communication competence, nonverbal and paraverbal competence of the teacher but also of the students.

Practical Aspects regarding the School and Social Integration of Children with Special Educational Needs. Difficulties and Pedagogical Solutions

Cristina BUTNARU-SANDACHE — 2023-12-13

The social integration of people with special needs is a complex and ever-present process, and school plays a key role in this. In practice, the social integration process is facilitated by the inclusion of children with special educational needs in school, given the micro-society structure of the school. Adapted communication, awareness of differences but also of potential, training and practice of social skills contribute to the development of adaptive capacity, to the identification and exploitation of means of integration into society. From this perspective, the role of teachers is multifaceted, with some of them facing difficulties, as shown in the research presented in this article. In mainstream education, school inclusion activities may be perceived with varying degrees of difficulty, but pedagogical solutions are benchmarks in their management.

Cartierul Micro 40 din Galaţi. Necesităţi şi oportunităţi de dezvoltare

Valerica CELMARE — 2023-12-13

The study captures aspects of life in a peripheral neighborhood of contemporary Galati and is part of a research on marginalized areas. This neighborhood is a former working-class neighborhood, considered ill-fated in the collective mentality of the Galatian community for the frequent cases of street violence and for the fact that its inhabitants were mostly Of Roma ethnicity. The study aims to capture the problems of neighborhood residents but also the good aspects of the neighborhood. Also, the study wants to see what connects the inhabitants to this neighborhood and what is the mood and the degree of cohesion of the inhabitants of this neighborhood.

În căutarea unui marcator identitar la Dunărea de Jos - de la contribuţia în sociologia românească a lui Virgil T. N. Madgearu până la activitatea sociologică de la universitatea gălăţeană

Elisaveta DRĂGHICI — 2023-12-13

The Romanian area of the Lower Danube has offered numerous research topics on history, literature, culture, geopolitics, economics and social life, etc. Specialists in various fields have established themselves, among them Virgil T. N. Madgearu (1887-1940) whose contribution was in the fields of economics, sociology and social policies, complementary to his political activity. Through this study I will explore the historical conditions in which Virgil T. N. Madgearu, with a focus on social issues, how the sociologist related to them and his perspective on the response to the issues of the time. At the same time, we will highlight Madgearu's contribution to the construction of sociology as a science, following concepts and theories he expounded. This approach allows us to highlight some aspects of the stages of Romanian sociology in the Lower Danube area. Another concern is to show the need to outline the steps to build a set of contributions of scientists, especially in the field of sociology, leading to elements of sociological identity in the Lower Danube.

The Knowledge of the Homeland as a Subject of Study in the Elementary Grades in the Bulgarian School

Arzu AHMED — 2023-12-13

In the scientific publication, Regional Studies is considered as an auxiliary scientific discipline, which has as its subject the comprehensive study of the settlement, region, district or individual objects of this territory. An option for structured teaching of cultural heritage in the city of Ruse, which dates back to 2008 and continues to this day, is under consideration. The subject area deals with the study of the state of the individual end, i.e. of a part of the country and is part of foreign studies. The word "Regional knowledge" originates from "kraj", "native region" and in the literal sense means knowledge of the end - a part, as in the territory of the country. Its teaching is spread across the different subject areas, as it is itself diverse and studied by different sciences. The research has the potential to identify strengths and weaknesses of the Ruse experience and thereby become a starting point for the implementation of similar programs in other settlements.

Influenţa culturii asupra managementului şi managerilor

Tincuţa GUDANĂ VRABIE — 2023-12-13

In any society, regardless of the economic-social, political and administrative context, the importance of culture and its influence on public management and managers, is a source of inspiration at all times. Culture influences the internal and external environment of the organizational structure, because the impact and importance of culture is felt on the entire managerial and organizational system but also on the collectives. The set of customs, habits and beliefs in the culture of a society intersects directly or indirectly with the manifestations, managerial behaviors and expertise in each field of organizational structures. The concept of culture intertwines with the concept of the managerial system in an organization, as the ways of development of a society have an impact on managerial performance. Cultural values lay the foundations of values in public management and managers.

Impact of Online Education on Students’ Wellbeing

Simona ŞUŞNEA — 2023-12-13

During the Covid-19 pandemic, most educational activities moved from classroom-based to online for extended periods of time, raising questions about the possible negative impact on the students’ (and teachers’) health and wellbeing, as well as on the educational outcomes. The study described in this paper started with the assumption that the time spent online is a measure of the changes induced by the pandemic in the structure of students’ daily life activities, and tried to find correlations between this variable and their subjective and psychological wellbeing. Participants were 98 students with ages between 14 and 21 from Romania. We found that, contrary to the common belief, there is no correlation between the increased amounts of time spent online and lower levels of the students’ wellbeing. This is most likely due to the fact that most adolescents already used to spend a lot of time online even before the lockdown. We conclude with a defense of online education, which – in our opinion - should not be held responsible for the decline of the students’ wellbeing during the Covid-19 lockdown.

« Villes tentaculaires » et banlieue parisienne a l’epoque de l’industrialisation au XIXe siècle

Daniel Lucian GĂLĂŢANU — 2023-12-13

This article aims to analyze the social, even societal, and anthropological changes that occurred in the second half of the nineteenth century in a France that became entirely bourgeois and capitalist under the impact of industrialization and its associated phenomena. Once the haussmannian breakthroughs were completed, Paris changed its face, as well as its demographic composition. Industrialization in the second half of the nineteenth century exploded with its attendant anthropological changes in demography, urbanization, and the labor market. Thus it is that Paris is suddenly populated by so many uprooted souls who are unable to find their way back in this new world of "tentacular cities", and in this new reality of a Parisian suburb that has barely been created, but which already functions like the famous Zola’s Assommoir. Besides, where better than in art, which is the mirror of human being, and especially in literature, which is the most descriptive art of them all, and at the same time, the treasure chest of the memory of humanity as a whole, can sociologists, anthropologists, and historians, find the best material to study? The syntagma Villes tentaculaires is used in all three of the above disciplines, but it is in fact the title of a book of poetry. The same goes for L'Assommoir, which describes the vices of this or that society at a certain moment in history, but which is the title of a great novel by Zola.

Anii ̕ 70 în România – perspective socio-politice şi religioase

Pr. Ovidiu SOARE — 2023-12-13

The study aims to analyze some socio-political and religious perspectives from the Romanian society of the 70s, a society in full revolutionary momentum, which after a quarter of a century of communism had gained some self-confidence and had managed to motivate its social actions and ideological; at the same time, he had also gained a certain international credibility, having a leadership attentive both to raising the standard of living of working people and to the strict application of party and state directives, for the creation of a multilaterally developed socialist society, in which to find the new type of man, educated in the spirit of Marxist-Leninist teachings. On the other hand, the Romanian Orthodox Church was present in the social and cultural life of Romanian society, through actions in accordance with Christian traditions and ordinances established over the centuries, despite the specific pressures of the communist society of those times. For a modern observer, the Romanian society of the 70s seems like a paradox. He sees a society in which both Marxist ideologies and Christian teachings and ordinances existed, of course with manifestations and intensities specific to each of them, specific to those times.

Apprendre dans sa langue maternelle : une experience d’education pour le développement

Ibrahima DIAWARA — 2023-12-13

All language is first and foremost a social practice. As a result, it goes beyond the purely linguistic framework. From this stems the vital importance given to mother tongues in the problem of development, because of the intimate links between language and culture, between language and society (Savaria, 1979: 153). In Mali, language policy has long supported mother tongues or national languages as languages of schooling, alongside French, with the aim of training citizens capable of participating in the development of the country. This makes these languages a real instrument of social advancement. However, the methods applied to the use of national languages tend to be linked to the tradition inspired by the example of the teaching of French, oriented solely towards individual promotion. Training in the national language must be socially useful and motivating, by opening up possibilities for increased opportunities both in terms of employment and in terms of access to higher education cycles. The objective of this communication is to propose technical and methodological means, which can help to learn in one's language to produce better. To do this, we will present, on the one hand, the linguistic infrastructure put in place for education in the national languages. On the other hand, we will highlight the characteristics of its implementation. Finally, we will give methodological perspectives for a real education for socio-economic development.

Impactul etnocentrismului şi relativismului cultural asupra comunicării tinerilor

Stela SPÎNU — 2023-12-13

We live in a globalized world and we are witnessing profound economic, political, and cultural changes. In the context of the continuous process of international integration, the world has separated into two hostile camps: the followers and the opponents of globalism. Against the background of the controversial discussions between the two camps about the probability of the success or failure of the globalist plan, there is more and more talk about ethnocentrism (which involves value judgments on other ethnic groups by reference to their values, norms, and systems) and xenocentrism (characterized by deviant behavior from traditional values, norms, and attitudes), and less about cultural relativism (a phenomenon which promotes the common good of different cultural groups, favoring and encouraging unity through diversity). In this context, the opinion of young people, belonging to different ethnicities, cultures, and religions about ethnocentrism, xenocentrism, and cultural relativism is of interest. Pursuing this aim, we conducted an opinion poll among students, who study at the State University of Medicine and Pharmacy „N. Testemiţanu”. According to the answers received, the majority of young Romanian are followers of xenocentrism and cultural relativism; Russian students share ethnocentric and relativistic attitudes, and Indian respondents remain to be promoters of ethnocentrism. It is obvious that these trends cannot ultimately contribute to a successful dialogue between young people, causing social distancing.

Aspecte privind grupurile înfiinţate pe facebook, pe fondul pandemiei de Covid-19

Elisaveta DRĂGHICI — 2023-12-13

The need to communicate and to ask for and offer help was strongly felt during the Covid-19 pandemic. In the space provided by the internet, there was a mobilisation to provide information and help through communication in social networking groups. The pandemic triggered the apparition of social groups dedicated to the issue. This study presents aspects related to the dynamics of virtual groups and analyses the activity of 18 Romanian groups established on Facebook. The reference period is March 2020 - August 2022. It is a fundamental research, with an evaluative character, aiming to obtain new knowledge on the behaviour in the virtual environment as a reaction to the social environment in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. The analysis of social media groups showed that with the spread of SARS-CoV-2, groups dedicated to the issue appeared on the social media platform Facebook, where participants expressed various opinions or experiences. These groups were created by individuals who declared from the outset the purpose of the group and its character (private or public). At the same time, the Covid-19 groups represent a (informational and psychological) support environment for people affected by the virus, all the more so as isolation at home or quarantine has been imposed in some cases and the need for communication has increased.

Întărirea capacităţii instituţionale a administraţiei publice locale prin cunoaşterea şi respectarea normelor de conduită

Tincuţa GUDANĂ VRABIE — 2023-12-13

The reform of the local public administration in Romania required the development and implementation of European concepts to strengthen the institutional capacity and in the field of human resources, respectively ethics and integrity in the public office. The relevance of the duties of the ethics advisor within the local public administration is imposed by the monitoring of compliance with the rules of conduct within the institutional framework, as well as by the pro-active assumption of an individual behavior determined by the organizational culture. In order to measure the degree of knowledge and compliance with the rules of conduct, the impact of the ethical counseling activity as well as the perception of the employees in the local public administration, a questionnaire addressed to management civil servants and executive civil servants was developed and distributed. The echo that the advice and assistance of the ethics adviser has among the staff of the public administration must be determined by the requirements of ethics and integrity, by the system of its training and information. Harmonizing and strengthening the relations between employees and the ethics advisor, imposes the credibility and trust of citizens in the public administration.

Modernitatea şi fenomenele de dereglare socială

Rariţa MIHAIL — 2023-12-13

This article will be devoted mainly to a reflection of the phenomena of social disorder, alienation and anomie, which inevitably alter the relationships between the individual and society, which become antagonistic relations, especially with modernity. This article will be divided into three parts. First, we will argue that modernization induces insecurity. The (relative) empowerment paradox of social structures is therefore the following: the more sophisticated a society is, the more it (can become) becomes unsafe for its members. Secondly, we will inquire how far alienation and anomie alter the place the individual occupies in the world, in its relation to society. In interpreting these phenomena of social disorder, both Marx and Durkheim criticize the absence of rules, but starting from very different philosophical and moral points of view. Finally, we will analyze the possibilities of eliminating these social disorder phenomena, indicating, at least outlined, the distinction that should be made between the two sets of factors that generate them: differentiation processes that accompany the modernization and processes inherent to the capitalist system.

Dimitrie Cantemir: prinţ între Orient şi Occident- contribuţia în domeniul turcologiei

Gülten ABDULA-NAZARE — 2023-12-13

This article focuses on Dimitrie Cantemir's great personality and the role he played in Turkish culture. it is well known that Dimitrie Cantemir's works were foundations on which Turkish cultured music was based, but also the entire science of Turkology.

Analiza unor indicatori statistici ai inteligenţei emoţionale

Daniela RUSU-MOCĂNAŞU — 2023-12-13

The individual's ability to recognize, interpret, and respond appropriately to both one's own emotions and those of others is known as emotional intelligence. This ability has been shown to play a significant role in the workplace, being a good predictor of individual effectiveness in culturally homogeneous environments. Studies in organizational psychology and managerial practice in human resources confirm the importance of emotional intelligence in predicting workplace performance. In this paper we will identify and describe statistical indicators used in measuring some attributes of emotional intelligence.

Managementul carierei prin observaţie

Simona DONOSE — 2023-12-13

The artistic field, of lyrical theatre, is oriented towards very specific elements, which cannot be broadened towards universally valid organizational strategies. This work aimed to study career management in the artistic field, a professional environment that includes many unpredictable situations due to the field itself. In this research approach, because it represents a less exploited area and involves the complexity of art, the aim was to research how actors manage to exercise the artistic act so that observing their behavior renders the level of professional training and their involvement.