Evaluation of antioxidant and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of Hexalobus monopetalus (A. Rich.) Engl. Diels extracts

Severin Mbaihougadobe; Abel Mbaiogaou; Mihaela Dragoi Cudalbeanu; Betoloum Salomon Madjitoloum; Daniela Borda; Andreea Veronica Botezatu; Bianca Furdui; Yaya Mahmout; Rodica Mihaela Dinică

doi:10.35219/foodtechnology.2025.2.10

Severin Mbaihougadobe Laboratory of Life Chemistry (LaCV) University of Moundou, Tchad, BP 206 Moundou, Chad; Research Laboratory of Natural Substances, FSEA of University of N’Djaména, Chad. BP: 1117 N’DJaména Chad https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7629-9663
Abel Mbaiogaou Research Laboratory of Natural Substances, FSEA of University of N’Djaména, Chad. BP: 1117 N’DJaména Chad https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3698-6107
Mihaela Dragoi Cudalbeanu Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania; Faculty of Land reclamation and Environmental Engineering, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Marasti Blvd, 011464, Bucharest, Romania https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2158-3877
Betoloum Salomon Madjitoloum Research Laboratory of Natural Substances, FSEA of University of N’Djaména, Chad. BP: 1117 N’DJaména Chad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9580-2051
Daniela Borda Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, ”Dunărea de Jos University of Galati”, 111 Domnească Street, 800201, Galati, Romania https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5354-0196
Andreea Veronica Botezatu Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3194-0102
Bianca Furdui Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1745-5370
Yaya Mahmout Research Laboratory of Natural Substances, FSEA of University of N’Djaména, Chad. BP: 1117 N’DJaména Chad 3Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Scie https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7453-6989
Rodica Mihaela Dinică Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2126-0931

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35219/foodtechnology.2025.2.10

Keywords: Hexalobus monopetalus, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory activity, Chad medicinal plants

Abstract

Hexalobus monopetalus is a medicinal plant which grows in tropical Africa, whose chemical composition and biological properties are not yet fully known. It is traditionally used for alleviating gastric disorders, fevers and diabetes. Phytochemicals responsible for the biological activities are found in varying levels in many medicinal plants. This study aimed to evaluate various extracts from the roots of H. monopetalus from Chad, central Africa. Phenolic compounds were extracted by two methods, one being hydromethanolic (H₂O/MeOH) extraction and the second method an extraction with four solvents of increasing polarity: cyclohexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The antioxidant capacity was determined by DPPH and ABTS methods. Total polyphenols were assessed by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and also, the anti-inflammatory activity was estimated in vitro. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed that the cyclohexane extract contains a predominance of polycyclic sesquiterpenes, and other compounds such as alcohols and phenols, thus demonstrating the richness and chemical diversity of the extract. Polyphenol content was higher in the dichloromethane extract (523.53 mg EqQ/g). Total flavonoid content in the water-methanol extract (20:80 v/v) was 227.84 mg EqQ/g dry matter, 183.85 mg EqQ/g dry matter was found in the methanolic extract, and in the ethyl acetate extract there was 178.93 mg EqQ/g dry matter. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties also varied depending on the extraction solvent. The hydromethanolic extract was the most active in all cases, while the dichloromethane extract showed less antioxidant activity.

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