Assessment of Blast Furnace Slag Transformation into Value Added By-Products on Basis on Knowledge of Slag Characteristics
Keywords:
blast furnace slag, by-products, morphology, mineralogy, chemical and physical properties
Abstract
Slags are the main by-products generated during iron and crude steel production and the steel industry is committed to increasing and improving their recycling. Today the quantity of slag produced and its utilization are one of the important indicators of sustainable steel industry. There are different forms of BF slag by-products depending on the method used to cool the molten slag. The byproducts can be an excellent source of constructional materials, finding applications in road building, concrete aggregate, as thermal insulation (mineral wool), and as a clinker substitute in cement production, biological filter media, glass making etc. In addition to products obtained from fresh slag, the possibility to utilize the old and the stockpiled blast furnace slags was studied. A key role in their utilization plays the knowledge of the chemical, mineralogical, and morphological properties of BF slag. This paper summarizes the characteristics of BF slag and its possible application.
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References
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[34]. Harbour, J.R., Hansen, E.K., Edwards, T.B., Williams, V.J., Eibling, R.E., Best D.R., and Missimer, D.M. – Characterization of Slag, Fly Ash and Portland Cement for Saltstone, February 2006, Available on http://sti.srs.gov/fulltext/2006/TR200667resub.pdf.
[35]. Emery, J.J. – Pelletized Lightweight Slag Aggregate, Proceedings of Concrete International 1980, Concrete Society, April 1980.
[2]. Branca, T.A., Colla, V., Possible Uses of Steelmaking Slag in Agriculture: An Overview, Material Recycling – Trends and Perspectives, 335-356, Available on http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/32571/InTech-Possible_uses_of_steelmaking_slag_in_agriculture_an_overview.pdf.
[3]. *** Eurofer, Review blast furnace slag processing, 2007, p. 5.
[4]. Joulazadeh, M.H. Joulazadeh, F., Slag; Value Added Steel Industry Byproducts, Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, Volume 55, Issue 4, 2010, 1137-1145.
[5]. Kobesen, H. – Legal Status of Slag Valorisation, Proceeding of the First International Slag Valorisation Symposium, Leuven, Belgium, April 6-7, 2009.
[6]. *** User Guidelines for Waste and Byproduct Materials in Pavement Construction, Available on http://www.fhwa.dot.gov.
[7]. *** The Japan Iron and Steel Federation – Nippon Slag Association (July 2006). The Slag Sector in the Steel Industry, Available on http://www.slg.jp/e/index.htm.
[8]. Dunster, A.M. – The Use of Blast furnace Slag and Steel Slag as Aggregates, Proceedings of the Fourth European Symposium on Performance of Bituminous and Hydraulic Materials in Pavements, 257-260, 2001, Nottingham.
[9]. Geiseler J. – Use of slags from iron and steelmaking. Proc. Gorham/Intertech’s 13th International Iron & Steel Development Forum – Managing Steel Mill Wastes & By-Products: Crisis and Opportunity. 11.-14.5.1998, Antwerp, Belgium, 8 p.Geiseler 1998.
[10]. Mäkikyrö M. – Converting Raw Materials into the Products – Road Base Material Stabilized with Slag-Based Binders, Academic Dissertation Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, 2004.
[11]. Monsi, A., Asgarani, M.K. – Producing Portland cement from iron and steel slag and limestone, Cement and Concrete Research 29, 1373-1377 (1999).
[12]. Levin, E. M., Robbins, C. R., and McMurdie, H. F. – Phase diagrams for ceramists. American Ceramic Society, Columbus, Ohio, 1964, pp. 601.
[13]. Scott, P.W., Critchley, S.R., Wilkinson, F.C.F. – The chemistry and mineralogy of some granulated and pelletized blast furnace slags, Mineralogical Magazine, March1986, Vol. 50, pp. 141–147.
[14]. *** Slag and Its Relation to the Corrosion Characteristics of Ferrous Metals, National Slag Association, NSA 172-13 Available on www.nationalslagassoc.org.
[15]. Dianwei Zhang, Evgueni Jak, Peter Hayes, Baojun Zhao – Investigation and Application of Phase Equilibria in the System Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2 Relevant to BF Slag, High Temperature Processing Symposium 2012, Swinburne University of Technology.
[16]. Harbour, J.R., Hansen, E.K., Edwards, Williams, V.J., Eibling, R.E., Best D.R., and Missimer, D.M. – Characterization of Slag, Fly Ash and Portland Cement for Saltstone, Process Science and EngineeringSavannah River National Laboratory Aiken, SC 29808.
[17]. White, W.B. – Dissolution mechanism of nuclear waste glasses: A critical review. Advances in Ceramics, 20 Nuclear Waste Management II, Editor: Clark DE, White WB, Machiels AJ. the American ceramic Society, 1986, p. 431-442.
[18]. Daugherty KE, Saad B, Weirich C. Eberendu A. – The Glass Content of Slag and Hydraulic Activity, Silicates Industriels, 1983. 4-5, p 107-110.
[19]. Murphy JN, Meadowcroft TR, Barr PV. – Enhancement of the cementitious properties of steel-making slag, Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, Vol 36, No 5, 1997, p 315-331.
[20]. Shij C. – Steel slag – its Production, Processing, Characteristics, and Cementitious Properties, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. ASCE, 2004, p 230-236.
[21]. Tossavainen, M., Lind, L. – Leaching Results of Reactive Materials, Building Materials, September 2005.
[22]. Bunikov, P.O. - Znacko Javorskij, Laitiers de Haut Fourneau Granules et Cimente au Laitier Gosstrojizdat Moscow, 1953.
[23]. Smolczyk, H.G. – Structure et Caracterisation des Laitiers, 7th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement - Paris, 1980, Volume I – Rapports principaux - pages III 1/3 to 1/16.
[24]. Demoulian, E. - Gourdin P. et Autres, Influence de la Composition Chimique et de la Texture des Laitiers sur leur Hydraulicite, 7th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement - Paris, 1980, Volwne II - Communications pages III 89 to III 94.
[25]. Galibert, R. – Glass Content Influence upon Hydraulic Potential of Blast - Furnace Slag, National Slag Association, NSA 184-2, Available on www.nationalslagassoc.org.
[26]. *** National Slag Limited. Letter, April 4, 1995, D. Horvat, National Slag Limited to P. Verok, MTO Construction Office, with Attachment, Overview Report, Leachate Mechanism, Blast Furnace Slag Technical Committee, Hamilton, Ontario, March 17, 1995.
[27]. *** Iron and Steel Slag for Road Construction, JIS A 5015, Japanese Industrial Standards, 1992.
[28]. *** Guide to the Use of Slag in Roads, Australian Slag Association, 1994.
[29]. *** Interim Policy: Use of Blast Furnace and Steel Slag, State of Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, June 6, 1994.
[30]. *** National Slag Limited. Letter, April 4, 1995, D. Horvat, National Slag Limited to P. Verok, MTO Construction Office, with Attachment, Overview Report, Leachate Mechanism, Blast Furnace Slag Technical Committee, Hamilton, Ontario, March 17, 1995.
[31]. *** Fax memorandum, S. Szoke, Ontario Ministry of Transportation to D. Horvat, National Slag Limited, April 7, 1995.
[32]. Noureldin, A.S., McDaniel R.S. – Evaluation of Steel Slag Asphalt Surface Mixtures, Presented at the 69th Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, January, 1990.
[33]. *** American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Standard Specification for Materials, "Blended Hydraulic Cements," AASHTO Designation: M240-85, Part I Specifications, 14th Edition, 1986.
[34]. Harbour, J.R., Hansen, E.K., Edwards, T.B., Williams, V.J., Eibling, R.E., Best D.R., and Missimer, D.M. – Characterization of Slag, Fly Ash and Portland Cement for Saltstone, February 2006, Available on http://sti.srs.gov/fulltext/2006/TR200667resub.pdf.
[35]. Emery, J.J. – Pelletized Lightweight Slag Aggregate, Proceedings of Concrete International 1980, Concrete Society, April 1980.
Published
2012-12-15
How to Cite
1.
CIOCAN A. Assessment of Blast Furnace Slag Transformation into Value Added By-Products on Basis on Knowledge of Slag Characteristics. The Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science [Internet]. 15Dec.2012 [cited 18Dec.2024];35(4):78-7. Available from: https://gup.ugal.ro/ugaljournals/index.php/mms/article/view/2871
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