Phytochemical profile and antioxidant potential of four cultivars of Corchorus olitorius l: traditional African vegetables underused in Côte d'Ivoire

Souleymane Harouna Diete; N’Goran David Vincent Kouakou; Andreea Veronica Botezatu; Maria Daniela Mihaila; Yaya Soro; Rodica Mihaela Dinica

doi:10.35219/foodtechnology.2024.1.05

Souleymane Harouna Diete Joint Research and Innovation Unit of Agronomic Sciences and Rural Engineering, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny (INP-HB), B.P. 1093 Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3705-8758
N’Goran David Vincent Kouakou Joint Research and Innovation Unit of Agronomic Sciences and Rural Engineering, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny (INP-HB), B.P. 1093 Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5294-0262
Andreea Veronica Botezatu Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3194-0102
Maria Daniela Mihaila Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2511-2036
Yaya Soro Joint Research and Innovation Unit of Chemical, Food and Environmental Process Sciences, INP-HB, B.P. 1093 Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire
Rodica Mihaela Dinica Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2126-0931

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35219/foodtechnology.2024.1.05

Keywords: phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activity, plant minerals, Corchorus olitorius, Ivory Coast

Abstract

Corchorus olitorius L, a traditional leafy vegetable of the Malvaceae family, is well appreciated in the central region of Côte d'Ivoire, where there are 5 cultivars whose phytochemical profile and antioxidant potential remain poorly understood. To better characterise them, phytochemical analysis and evaluation of antioxidant activity by DPPH and ABTS were carried out. The analyses revealed that the leaves of these cultivars are good sources of nutrients, with high levels of protein (19 - 25%), ash (8 - 12%), fibre (3 - 9%), total carbohydrates (40 - 48%), energy (252 - 288 Kcal/100g), iron (29 - 192 mg/100g), calcium (2167 - 2574 mg/100g) and potassium (6799 - 10692 mg/100g). The leaves are also rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols (11 - 81 mg GA eq/g extract), flavonoids (268 - 474 mg Q eq/g extract) and condensed tannins (8 - 75 mg TA eq/g extract). High antioxidant activity was observed (IC₅₀ DPPH = 61 - 173 µg/mL and IC₅₀ ABTS = 12 - 29 µg/mL). The best phytochemical profile and antioxidant potential were obtained in the CONB cultivar, which is also the most widely consumed by the population.

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